Eczema - Causes

Research references are listed, as nearly as possible, by the dates on which the research was first published or brought into the public domain. Clicking on the title of the research will take you either to a precis of the findings (with further links to the relevant source material) or directly to that source material.

Because many original research papers remain restricted by publishers it is not always possible to link visitors to the original research so the links that we give will normally be to the 'second level' reports from reliable and respected sources such as MedicalNewsToday, WebMD, MedPage Today and Medscape.

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Eczema associated with osteoporosis-related fractures. January 2015

Daily application of moisturizer during the first 32 weeks of life reduces the risk of AD/eczema in infants. October 2014

Vitamin D deficiency may increase the risk of sensitization to food allergens while atopic dermatitis may be more severe in infants with vitamin D deficiency. August 2014

Children up to 2 years of age with early-onset or severe atopic dermatitis/eczema are at higher risk of food allergy. January 2014

Specific IgE to common food allergens in children with atopic dermatitis. March 2012

Association Between Eczema and Increased Fracture and Bone or Joint Injury in Adults. October 2014

Water damage in living rooms or children's bedrooms, as confirmed by infrared cameras, could be associated with worse eczema in children. Sseptember 2014

U.S. children with eczema are most likely to be sensitized to dog dander. November 2013

Atopic dermatitis may be more severe in infants with vitamin D deficiency. August 2014

Food allergy can be triggered by application of the food to broken skin. April 2014

Have haptens been overlooked in the eczema-food allergy connection? 2013

Swimming during pregnancy increases risk of eczema and asthma in exposed infants (Use Google Translate). March 2014

Atopic dermatitis and disease severity are the main risk factors for food sensitization in exclusively breastfed infants. February 2014

Delta toxin  molecule produced by the common bacteria Staphylococcus aureus causes immune-system cells in the skin to react causing inflammation and eczema-like rashes. October 2013

Chronic itching, which occurs in eczema and psoriasis, appears to incorporate not just the nerve cells, or neurons, that normally transmit itch signals but also pain neurons to intensify the itch sensation. October 2013

High and persistent exposure to airborne chemicals is associated with development of childhood atopic disease. Comment here. August 2013

Exposure to dogs, but not cats, reduces risk of eczema in children. May 2013

Repeated exposure to chemicals in patients with an atopic background can occasionally lead to reactivation of atopic dermatitis. April 2013

Food allergy has been well documented in approximately one-third of children with a moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (eczema), cow's milk, hen's egg, peanut, wheat, soy, nuts, and fish being responsible for up to 90% of food allergy in children with AD. September 2013

Skin cell defect is surprising allergy trigger: skin and food allergies can be result of skin cell 'glue' deficiency. August 2013

Children who take antibiotics in first year of life 40% more likely to develop eczema. July 2013

Eczema may play a key role in the development of food allergy in infants. July 2013

Infantile eczema caused by formula milk. June 2013

Deficiency in the skin protein filaggrin may weaken skin barrier  allowing microspcopic amounts of allergen such as milk, wheat, egg or fish to penetrate through the skin and influence the development of allergy. May 2013

Parents who clean their child’s pacifier by sucking it themselves may transfer beneficial oral microbes to the child that could reduce their risk allergy, asthma and, particularly, eczema.  May 2013

Researchers have discovered a new type of immune cell in skin that plays a role in fighting off parasitic invaders such as ticks, mites, and worms, and could be linked to eczema and allergic skin diseases. April 2013

A study from 2002 from the Unitika Hospital in Kyoto suggests that mobile phone usage may trigger allergic eczema and asthma reactions in those who already suffer from allergies.  

Children with eczema appear to have more adult-type bacteria in their guts than children without eczema.  January 2013

Hand dermatitis leading to excessively dry hands make sufferers four times more likely to fail fingerprint tests. December 2012

Maternal probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and breast-feeding reduces the risk of eczema in the infant. October 2012

Correctly labelled rubber gloves would prevent allergic reactions to chemical additives in the gloves. October 2011

Anal eczema may be caused by cow’s milk allergy. September 2012

The more highly educated the parents, the more likely the children are to have asthma, wheeze and eczema. June 2012

Allergic eczema frequently caused by sulphites found in food and hairdressing, pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. October 2012

RLS (Restless Leg Syndrome) appears to be common in patients with eczema, particularly in those with active disease. October 2012

Daily bathing of infants may contribute to allergies. August 2012

Mobile phone screen causes facial contact dermatitis. October 2012

Prevalence and impact of past history of food allergy in atopic dermatitis in Japan September 2012

Topical corticosteroids, frequently used to treat dermatitis and in sunscreens, may themselves be a cause of allergic contact dermatitis/eczema. September 2012

Hair dyes, especially PPD, are a significant risk for development of allergic contact dermatitis leading to severe eczema of face and upper trunk in consumers, and hand eczema in hair-dressers. September 2012

Mite induced inflammation – more than allergy. August 2012

Bone mineral density in patients with atopic dermatitis. March 2012

Reduced gut microbial diversity in infancy is associated with development of eczema but not atopy in high-risk infants. July 2012

Eczema in early childhood one of the strongest risk factore associated with the development of asthma and rhinitis within 5 years. July 2012

While raw garlic can cause dermatitis, urticaria, asthma, rhinitis and, rarely, anaphylaxis, it appears that most of the allergens are heat labile and therefore cooked garlic may be well tolerated. August 2012

Fragrances now the second most common cause of allergic contact dermatitis in Spain where populations are exposed continuously on a daily basis. July 2012

Goat milk soap linked to food allergy. August 2012

Prenatal exposure to common household chemical linked to eczema. June 2012

Parental eczema increases the incidence of reactions to milk, but not to egg, peanut or hazelnut. December 2011

Metal allergy and systemic contact dermatitis. July 2012

Allergic nickel dermatitis caused by shaving. April 2012

Summer Olympic athletes must overcome skin conditions. April 2012

Allergic dermatitis of the face caused by a mobile phone cover. April 2012

Autumn-born children more susceptible to food allergies. Jun 2012

47% of atopic eczema in babies due to stress during pregnancy. June 2012

Strong link between childhood migraine and childhood eczema, rhinitis and asthma. December 2011

Childhood eczema more common in northern latitudes suggesting a link with Vitamin D deficiency. March 2012

Smoke exposure in late (not early) pregnancy may increase risk of eczema in baby. March 2012

Men with eczema are more likely to suffer from erectile dysfunction. January 2012

Contact dermatitis to hair dye, following sensitisation to non-permanent tattoos. February 2012

Wheat allergy can worsen atopic eczema in patients over 14 years of age. 2011

Regular use of lotions in infancy may predispose children to eczema. October 2011

Atopic dermatitis – up-to-date review of the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis, highlighting the clinical implications of skin barrier dysfunction and immunological deregulation. Full text – in Portuguese. August 2011.

Nail polish can cause contact dermatitis. November 2011

Shellac in cosmetics (mascara, lipstick, nailpolish, hairspray) increasingly found to cause allergic contact dermatitis. August 2011

Dimethyl fumarate causes contact dermatitis of the foot, an increasingly widespread disease. September 2011

New way of detecting eczema-causing DMFu in leather and footwear developed. May 2011

Chronic inflammation in atopic dermatitis may be caused by dysfunctional sweating mechanisms. May 2011

Eczema on the rise in Australia. September 2011

Propylene glycol: an often unrecognised cause of allergic contact dermatitis in patients using topical corticosteroids. May 2011

Prolonged breastfeeding does not protect against eczema. August 2011

Excessive consumption of high-nickel foods such as cocoa could signficantly worse nickel-contact dermatitis in nickel sensitive patients. May 2011

Palmar dermatitis caused by black rubber bicycle hand grips: A case of a 10 year old Turkish boy with no history of allergy suddenly developed dermatitis after a prolonged, intense period of using his new bicycle. August 2011

Unusually delayed reaction after the H1N1 vaccine: A case of a female medical doctor with no history of atopy who experienced allergic contact dermatitis three weeks after a vaccination which contained thimerosal, and subsequently tested positive to thimerosal in a patch test. October 2010

Allergic reactions enhanced by mobile phone use. May 2011

Filaggrin gene defects and the risk of developing allergic disorders. January 2011

The impact of childhood atopic dermatitis on the patient’s family. November 2010

Fault in immune memory may cause atopic eczema and psoriasis. July 2011

Cosmetic and personal care chemicals responsiblefor most hand eczema in children and adults. June 2011

Methods for detecting toxic substances in leather and footwear developed. May 2011

Itch receptors work through pain receptors on sensory neurons. May 2011

Skin sensitivity to food allergens explained. May 2011

Childhood eczema and hayfever leads to adult allergic asthma. April 2011

Painful, itchy skin linked to obesity in kids. March 2011

Sunlight induced eczema. March 2011

Dermatologists  confirm the allergic march from atopic dermatitis (eczema) to food allergy. February 2011

Exposure to worm infection in the womb may protect against eczema. January 2011

New understanding that underlying ‘tight junction’ skin barrier in eczema may also be damaged. December 2010

Lower occurrence of atopic dermatitis (eczema) among children whose mothers spent their pregnancy on a farm. December 2010

Dog ownership is associated with reduced eczema in children with dog allergies. October 2010

Attending day care under the age of two increases risk of eczema. September 2010

Eosinophilia as a predictor of food allergy in atopic dermatitis. March 2010

Eczema and psoriasis – genetic differences identified. March 2010

Children who get chicken pox when young may be less likely to get eczema or asthma. August 2010

Could paracetomol use cause teenage asthma and eczema? August 2010

High birth weight a predictor of eczema in children. June 2010

Animal-free test for chemicals that can cause skin allergies and eczema. May 2010

Children of educated parents more likely to have eczema. April 2010

The right diet in preganancy could reduce wheeze and eczema. January 2010

Omega 6 deficiency implicated in severe eczema. April 2010

Children with eczema are significantly more likely to suffer from food allergies. March 2010

Eczema in infancy and early childhood may be a significant factor in later behavioural and emotional problems. February 2010

Environmental triggers for eczema. October 2009

Eczema linked to herpes more serious than eczema alone. October 2009

New hope of receiving small pox vaccinations for eczema sufferers currently at risk of suffering a fatal allergic reaction to the vaccine. July 2009

Eczema on the rise in the UK. July 2009

Supplemental formula could reduce risk of allergy. February 2009

Fragrance in personal care and household products causes eczema. June 2009

Pay-outs due in 'toxic sofa' claim to compensate for eczema caused by added chemical. April 2009

Mouse gene aids allergy research. April 2009

Eczema made worse by too much cleanliness. December 2007

Blood chemicals could cause itch in eczema. November 2007

Common clothes moths can be as bad for the skin as dust mites. November 2007

Harsh soaps blamed for eczema. July 2007

Eczema gene secrets. July 2007

Pregnancy diet and eczema... June 2007

Are people with eczema just too thin-skinned? April 2007

The dust connection. April 2007

 

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